Theories of Leadership - Free Essay Example

AMERICAN HISTORY A special skill for a particular situation is a factor that is considered to be one of the greatest determinants of leadership in comparison to the other listed factors. In our case leadership can be referred to as both a research area as well as a practical skill which surrounds the ability the ability of an individual or an organization to direct other individuals, teams as well as the whole organization. Theories involving traits, situational interaction function, and intelligence among others have been yielded as a result of studies of leadership carried out. In this regard, leadership is seen as a matter of intelligence, trustworthiness, humaneness, courage among others. Once these are not exercised in unison you find that desired results of leadership cannot be realized fully. For instance, you will realize that dependence of intelligence alone may result to rebelliousness (Northouse and Peter 123). This is a clear indicator that for one to be recognized as a complete leader he or she should possess all the five virtues together in which each is ideal to its task. There are those researchers who begun to synthesize the trait as well as situational approaches.   For instance, relying on the works of Lewin et al, academics started to regularize the leadership models which are perceived to be descriptive like climates defining three styles of leadership as well as realizing which situations each style performs better in. when it comes to group, in-group members are seen by the head as having attributes of competency, experience as well as the ability to presume duty in comparison to other followers. The head will in return begin relying on these individuals in order offer assistance on tasks which are challenging. In the case where there is good response from the devotee, there is the likelihood of the leader rewarding him by offering him/her better job tasks to undertake, develo pmental experiences as well as extra coaching. In the event where the devotee shows high commitment as well as effort which is followed by extra rewards, the two parties are likely to develop trust, support for one another as well as influence. Research portrays that in-group members majorly achieve higher evaluations from the leader in terms of performance among other incentives (Schein and Edgar, pp 45)

The Oil And Natural Gas Industries - 1686 Words

Around the globe, the oil and natural gas industries are a major part of stable and growing economies, as well as, the individual lives of most people. As individuals we use it to run our vehicles, heat our homes, cook, and much more. Economies, on the other hand, rely on the oil and natural gas industries for the jobs they create, the product they supply, and the added value created by government revenues. In 2011, these industries in the United States made up 5.6 percent of the nation’s total employment, providing $394 billion in labor income (6-15, American Petroleum Institute). They also contributed an estimated $410.3 billion to the nation’s economy through wages, capital spending, and dividends totaling 7.1 percent of the United States’ gross domestic product (GDP) (25-26, American Petroleum Institute). Those percentages may not seem like much alone, but when you consider that one industry, out of hundreds in the United States, makes up those numbers, they seem a lot larger. During the 1990’s, oil and natural gas production had hit a snag spreading worry that the U.S. would become reliant on foreign imports (Inman). One of the world’s leading countries in the industry were beginning to fear the end of a resource that they relied so heavily on. As traditional oil and gas endeavors began depleting their resources the oil and natural gas industries were forced to find a new source of extraction if they were to continue producing fossil fuels at the same rate. This newShow MoreRelatedThe Oil And Natural Gas Industry On The Us Economy905 Words   |  4 PagesOil Products The demand for natural resources and other earthly materials continue to rise exponentially throughout the world, especially due to rising populations. Some issues that are in support of fracking include having the opportunity to access an alternative source of fuel, creates more jobs in the oil and gas industry, lowers taxes for Americans by using domestic oil, helps to make certain countries less dependent on others for their resources, stimulates the economy, and also helps to improveRead MoreThe Impact of Oil and Natural Gas Industry in Oklahoma999 Words   |  4 PagesThe main thing in natural gas is methane. Millions of years ago, decaying remains of plants and animals piled up into thick layers. This stuff is called organic material (it was once alive). Over time, the sand/silt changed to rock, covered the organic material, and trapped it beneath the rock. Press/heat changed some of it to coal, oil, and natural gas; tiny little bubbles of odorless gas. Geologists, study the structure and processes of the Earth. They locate the types of rock that mightRead MoreInformation About Oil And Natural Gas Extraction Industry1373 Words   |  6 PagesSeptember 18, 2014 Subject: Information about Oil and Natural Gas Extraction Industry This Report requested by the principal financial investor, Dr. Maria D. Davidson, includes information required to make an informed decision on whether or not to diversify into the Oil and Natural Gas Extraction industry. The Oil and Natural Gas Extraction industry is involved in the processes required to find and extract crude oil and natural gas. The Oil and Natural Gas industry has performed well in recent years despiteRead MoreChesapeake Energy Operates Under The Natural Oil And Gas Industry878 Words   |  4 PagesClients Industry and Industry Risk Chesapeake Energy operates under the natural oil and gas industry. While government’s economic data may separate operations within this industry, the industry covers a broad range of activities and is separated into three segments: upstream, downstream, and midstream. Activities within this industry by oil and gas companies include exploring for crude oil or natural gas, drilling into wells, and such transportation of oil and natural gas. Just as any other industryRead MoreOil Drilling and Gas Extraction Industry in the US Analysis1242 Words   |  5 PagesConnor Sims, Associate SUBJECT: Oil Drilling amp; Gas Extraction Industry in the US Analysis (21111) This report presents information regarding the industry, the primary operator of oil and gas field properties. The industry fuels its key buyers, the Natural Gas Distribution (22121) and the Petroleum Refining (32411) industries, with crude oil and natural gas. The industry continuously battles a shortage of available oil. In addition, many major oil fields have been in use for decades, slowlyRead MoreThe Economic Report On Fracking, Is It Worth It?1465 Words   |  6 Pagesforeign oil and natural gas has created a vulnerability affecting our national security and economic stability. Up until this past decade there was an appreciable decline in our oil and natural gas production in the US and we were tied to world market price fluctuations. Oil prices and natural gas prices rose and fell based on OPEC’s and other large oil and natural gas producers’ production and pricing decisions. Beginning in 2005, things began to change in the US oil and natural gas industry. N ewRead MoreGranite Oil Corporation Case Study1336 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary: This report outlines Granite Oil Corporation’s key strategic objectives and mission for value creation, external environment, organizational design, its competitive advantages, applications to course material and comparisons to other similar companies it is in competition with. Table of Contents Introduction Granite Oil Corporation is a relatively small public corporation dealing in exploration for andRead MoreAmerica s Need For Black Gold1221 Words   |  5 PagesBlack Gold In 1973, in the wake of conflict in the Middle East, US drivers were feeling the repercussions with every gallon of gasoline and oil that they consumed. The members of OPEC placed an oil embargo on the US and several other nations because of their aid to the Israeli military. This embargo greatly pressured the US, who was highly dependent on foreign oil. In the aftermath of this crisis, President Nixon called for the increased energy production to avoid this problem in the future. Yet, inRead MoreOverview of the Natural Gas Industry1714 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Natural Gas Industry Employee Cover Letter I am currently working as a natural gas regulator assistant inspector on a full-time basis. Basically this position required me to work in a formal apprenticeship, and I was trained and became familiarized with all the important particulars of this job. What my trainers made very clear to me is the importance of workers in the natural gas industry having a deep understanding of all the implications relating to safety. There have been some catastrophicRead MoreOil Prices And The World Wide Recession1301 Words   |  6 Pagesother, companies industries, like mobile device production, Social Network Service and cigarette production, somehow managed to survive and have been doing great performances so far. Many industries prospering and emerging, are industries with high technology products with online services. To be specific, thanks to technology in the oil industry, there was the incredible method to get oil such as sail oil, which made a big change in this industry. According to an article of oil price, the U.S crude

The Classical School And The Positivist School - 881 Words

In this paper I will be addressing and discussing the two schools of criminology, which respectively are the classical school and the positivist school. I will begin by comparing and contrasting the historical background of both schools using the founders of each school. I will then continue the paper by comparing their assumptions, their findings and their key policy implications. I will do this by explaining each school’s purpose and goal. I will then argue and explain how the classical school is respectively stronger than the positivist school for being straight forward, concise and unbiased. Criminology earliest development traces back to the early 1700s, however did not fully bloom until the 1800s when criminal laws were being made and enforced (Altrichter, 2015). With this in mind, the first school to be developed through criminology was the classical school. The classical school was founded upon the thoughts and ideas of Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham (Altrichter, 2 015). Cesare Beccaria implicated the idea that a crime is to be punished depending on its severity and rather not the criminal (Altrichter, 2015). Jeremy Bentham contributed to the classical school by stating that through a series of weighing the pleasure and pains of their results, this would increase or decrease the chances that a criminal would create a crime (Altrichter, 2015). The most notable idea that developed through the classical school is that criminals have a free will and can thinkingShow MoreRelatedA Discussion On Classical School And Positivist817 Words   |  4 Pagestheory? What makes up a good theory? What criteria are used by scholars to evaluate theory and research? Also an outlining on reliability and validity, and identify different measurement used in criminal justice. Last a discussion about classical school and positivist will also be presented. A. In the book â€Å"Criminological Theories† written by Akers Sellers, describes theory as â€Å"An effective theory that helps to make sense of facts, we already know and can be tested against new facts† (2013, p. 1)Read MoreCompare and Contrast the Classical and Positivist School of Criminology872 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and contrast the ideas of Classical criminologist (e.g. Beccaria and Bentham) with those of the early Positivist (e.g. Lombroso, Ferri Garofolo). Introduction During the mid to late seventeenth century explanations of crime and punishment were embraced by many philosophers Thomas Hobbs (1588-1679), John Locke (1632-1704), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) and such theorist as Beccaria (1738), an Italian who was highly recognised by his great success through his essay ’Dei delittiRead MoreThe Classical School Of Thought1327 Words   |  6 PagesThese concepts in include the positivist vs. the classical schools of thought, changes in our understandings of what causes victimisation over time, official vs. unofficial data and the different definitions of crime. These concepts show how the discovery of the victim and the shift in focus from the offender to the offence from the past 30 years has changed the understandings of what the reasoning behind what causes crime. The positivist vs. the classical schools of thought: Modern CriminologyRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1485 Words   |  6 Pages1. Answer the following with respect to classical school of criminology: A. Discuss the historical context of the origins (emergence) of this perspective.   When did it arise?   Was it a response to any previous perspectives? The classical school of criminology is foundationally based upon the history of crime and punishment. Throughout history, crime was dealt with in an extremely harsh and inhumane manner. Criminals and suspected criminals were quartered, burnt at the stake, tortured, and subjectedRead MoreThe Theory Of Criminal Behavior1608 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviour through the three different criminological schools of thought: classical, positivist, and sociological. There are a number of concepts of crime including human nature, the society, social contract, the law, and punishment. The central concepts of the classical school of thought is that people are egotistical, rational, motivated by pain and pleasure, people choose their behaviour, and behaviour can be modified by fear of punishment. The classical theory focuses on crime and the law, deterrenceRead MoreQuiz 1 Essay1068 Words   |  5 Pageschanging and with the media influencing our upbringing and beliefs this will influence the crime trends. 3. Which Classical School theorist do you think contributed the most to the advancement of criminological theory? Explain why you choose that particular theorist over the other Classical School theorist of the time? I believe that Beccaria contributited the most to the classical school of thinking. As we can see today some of his theories still hold true. People should be treated equally and punishedRead MoreClassical Theory And Psychological Positivism1557 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough the annals of Criminology. The modern crime depicted in the scenario portrays the dual aspects of both the offender as an individual and the offense of robbing a local convenience store. This scenario may be analysed through the two schools of Classical theory and Psychological Positivism, relating to the perpetual debate that has sparked the revisionist stream of criminological theories which has culminated in the conception and treatment of crime by the modern criminal justice system. TheRead MoreTh e Pros And Cons Of The Classical School Of Criminology791 Words   |  4 PagesThe Classical school of criminology can be known as the free will to act at one’s own discretion, where an individual chooses to break the law upon a desirable choice. The Classical emphasizes how the system was organized, punishments for crime, and how authorities should react to crime. On the other hand, positivist school was created to see what influences an individual to break the laws, based on human beings’ behavior. Positivist school is simply trying to analyze who, what, and how crime isRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1216 Words   |  5 Pagesmost famous schools of that are Classical Theory and Biological/Positivist Theory. These theories contain insights to why people commit crimes and the most effective way to deal with these individuals and eventually reduce the crime rate. This paper will discuss how these schools of thought compare to each other, the Christian W orldview and to United States current criminal justice system. The first step to compare these theories is to better understand them. The Classical School of CriminologyRead MoreCriminology And The Main Schools Of Thought, Classicism And Positivism971 Words   |  4 PagesThe study of criminology has emerged during the last two centuries and it is, as such, one of the youngest social sciences. This essay will explore the history of criminology and discuss two of the main schools of thought, classicism and positivism. While humanity has always been concerned with philosophical questions such as â€Å"Who am I?† (Plato) the search for answers has become more concrete and accessible during the era of Enlightenment. As society began to gradually turn away from the church

Assistant By Malamuds Essay Example For Students

Assistant By Malamuds Essay In this book it is Franks constant resemblance to St. Francis Of Assisi, and Franks subtle conversion to Judaism. The most important religious symbol in the book is St. Francis. Frank Alpines name two important connotations: It suggests an affinity with St. Francis of Assisi and also refers to mountain heights beyond the Timberline. Frank has vivid memories of learning about St. Francis. His desires to be like St. Francis emphasizes only one half of his divided character, because he is both a saint and a sinner in a way. Which gives him an alter ego in the novel. Ward Minogue is Franks devil and his angels are Morris and Helen. Frank doesnt practice religion like a dedicated man, he is catholic because he came up that way, but at the end of the novel there is a strange twist because he gets circumcised! And becomes a Jew. He suddenly converted religions. This reminds me of Homers epic poem The Odyssey because like Odysseus Frank changes to try to become a better person also like St. Francis of Assisi. This is a touching story but there is still some humor in it. The main reason for him to convert was so that Helen could accept him, but he also wants to acknowledge that he is no different from Jews, and that he is willing to live among them even if Helen doesnt want to. This is the reason it is humorous because he finds out that he can be a Jew because he shares a fundamental humanity with them. According to Morris he was becoming a Jew long before his official conversion. St. Francis of Assisi has something to do with Franks conversion but it is of very little importance. Frank experiences change through suffering almost like a human saint. This can also go for the Jews who suffered for many things. St. Francis is also an important factor because even his name compares: Frank-Francis and Alpine-Assisi. It is like they are both coming from the same place or growing out of the same branch in a twisted, eerie like way. This is also a sign of good writing because it is the author that gives us these feelings. I believe that frank is a figure of a saint going through certain changes that make him more of a better person. Franks subtle conversion to Judaism was fortified by the good writing of Malamud. He did it on the last page and on the last line even though there was some foreshadowing. He leaves us in suspense. The circumcision and such gave it away in a nice mood.

Not Poor, Just Broke Essay Example

Not Poor, Just Broke Paper I learned most emotions from school. You would think I would have learned most of my feelings from my home life, but I think my parents did the best they could to cover them up and make it seem like everything was fine and dandy. I grew up in a museum of sorts, or a playhouse. Everything was staged and we had to act in a proper manner to make it look like we had a perfect life. When my mom was upset, she would pull herself together in a moments time and say we need to â€Å"keep up appearances† so no one was the wiser. I would pay close attention to my parents to try and iscover how they really felt, but they were remarkable actors. So I became a player, performing in my own life as well. It was in school where I learned what real emotion was. And how to handle it. How do you pretend one way when you feel another way? I would imagine that is why some of the other kids act out. They are in a certain life, pretending to be something they are not but don’t want to let on t o the truth of their real emotions. I remember this other student who went to school with me. I felt bad for him most of the time because he always came to school kind f dirty and shabby. His family barely had any money and I don’t think his father was around. One day in class, there was a big scene when the teacher made it a point to single him out as a needed student and mention that everyone knows he doesn’t have a father. I’m not sure about his family but he seemed to just barely be holding it together. The teacher picked on him a lot, which I know bothered him. It bothered me as well. I felt sad for Page 2 of 2 him, but then I would remember my mother and trying to keep up appearances. He had a crush on my friend. I don’t think e knew that we all knew he liked her. I felt ashamed that we would make fun of him behind his back and call him names. I think back about how I use to act differently with my friends at school than I did at home. I wish I had learned more from my patents because I know now that most of my childhood friends were not the best influence on my developing emotions. That day when the teacher picked on him, I felt asha med. But I just kept smiling and pretending nothing was wrong. I wish I would have reached out to him and been a little more nice. It was a lesson well learned. We will write a custom essay sample on Not Poor, Just Broke specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Not Poor, Just Broke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Not Poor, Just Broke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on Lunar Calander

Ancient Calendars: All ancient calendars were lunar calendars. The practice of starting a month at the first sighting of a new moon was observed not only by Romans but by Celts and Germans in Europe and by Babylonians and Hebrews in the Lavant. The new moons were sighted after either 29 or 30 days. If clouds obscured vision on the 29th day, that month was declared to have 30 days. This is still done for the Islamic Calendar. When human civilization excelled in agriculture, there was a need for having a calendar that repeats the seasons so that it would help sowing and harvesting on repeated calendar dates. This calendar was established based on rotation of the earth around the sun. Early estimates of this rotation was 360 days, so the first solar calendar was invented having 12 months of 30 days each. Some civilizations invented a lunisolar calendar which basically had lunar months based on new crescent moons but were adding days or a month to be decided by priests/rabiis wherever and whenever they felt to satisfy social and religious needs to keep their calendar in phase with seasons. This practice of adding days or a 13th month was called "Intercalation". Babylonian Calendar: Around 1800 B.C. Babylonians were using strictly lunar calendar based on the visible new crescent but somewhere between 1100 B.C and 800 B.C. a lunisolar calendar was adopted using intercalation which was haphazard. Some sources report that during the reign of the Babylonian king Nebuchadenezzar II (630 B.C. - 562 B.C.) priest/experts discontinued their practice of looking for the new moon and adopted a 365 day calendar of 12 months of 30 days each, with five days added at the end of the year. Hindu Calendar: Hindus have both solar and lunisolar calendars. In the Hindu solar calendar month is 30 or 31 days and begins on the day of first sunrise after the calculated time of the mean sun's entry into the next zodiacal sign. If the calc... Free Essays on Lunar Calander Free Essays on Lunar Calander Ancient Calendars: All ancient calendars were lunar calendars. The practice of starting a month at the first sighting of a new moon was observed not only by Romans but by Celts and Germans in Europe and by Babylonians and Hebrews in the Lavant. The new moons were sighted after either 29 or 30 days. If clouds obscured vision on the 29th day, that month was declared to have 30 days. This is still done for the Islamic Calendar. When human civilization excelled in agriculture, there was a need for having a calendar that repeats the seasons so that it would help sowing and harvesting on repeated calendar dates. This calendar was established based on rotation of the earth around the sun. Early estimates of this rotation was 360 days, so the first solar calendar was invented having 12 months of 30 days each. Some civilizations invented a lunisolar calendar which basically had lunar months based on new crescent moons but were adding days or a month to be decided by priests/rabiis wherever and whenever they felt to satisfy social and religious needs to keep their calendar in phase with seasons. This practice of adding days or a 13th month was called "Intercalation". Babylonian Calendar: Around 1800 B.C. Babylonians were using strictly lunar calendar based on the visible new crescent but somewhere between 1100 B.C and 800 B.C. a lunisolar calendar was adopted using intercalation which was haphazard. Some sources report that during the reign of the Babylonian king Nebuchadenezzar II (630 B.C. - 562 B.C.) priest/experts discontinued their practice of looking for the new moon and adopted a 365 day calendar of 12 months of 30 days each, with five days added at the end of the year. Hindu Calendar: Hindus have both solar and lunisolar calendars. In the Hindu solar calendar month is 30 or 31 days and begins on the day of first sunrise after the calculated time of the mean sun's entry into the next zodiacal sign. If the calc...

Biography of Rihanna

She began signing when she was seven with two of her classmates but it wasn’t until she was sixteen that she met Evan Rogers and began to work with him and moved out of Barbados. A year after moving to the states she was asked to meet with Jay-z at DefJam Records where she was offered a contract in February 2005. Working with DefJam records she was able to record her first album by the end of 2005. â€Å"Music of the sun† was released and Pon De Replay became her first widely known hit making it in to the top 5 singles for that year. Just about a year later she released album number two â€Å"A Girl Like Me†. Her song S. O. S. was her first number one hit and the album was ranked in the top five albums for the year. In May 2007 she released her third album â€Å"Good Girl Gone Bad† which won her a Grammy for best rap/collaboration for her number one hit Umbrella. This album also was known for three other number one hits including Don’t Stop the Music, Take a Bow, and Disturbia. Around two years later she released her fourth album â€Å"Rated R† which was the number one album on the Billboard Hot 100 albums for the year. Three of her songs from this album made it to the top ten singles including Russian Roulette, Hard, and Rude Boy. Under a year later she released â€Å"Loud† being one of her most popular albums and being known for her three number one singles Only Girl(In the World), Samp;M, and What’s My Name?. Finally her most recent album â€Å"Talk That Talk† was released in 2012 and is currently known for the number one single We Found Love. As of now we know that she is working on her seventh album which no information has been release about. She had been on four tours around the world and has one upcoming tour Diamonds World Tour which will be her biggest, longest tour yet. Rihanna often gives credit to her idols that all influenced her in different ways. The person she says influenced her the most would be Madonna saying â€Å"I want to be the Black Madonna. † She also has said that Whitney Houston, Beyonce, Bob Marley, Marilyn Monroe, Mariah Carey and Destiny’s child were very influential on her life becoming a successful artist in today’s music industry. Rihanna has become an influential person herself, having been and idol for Justin Bieber and Rita Ora, both younger artists. She has been named one of the most influential people in the world and ranks fourth in the most powerful celebrities. She has received many awards including five American Music awards, eighteen Billboard Music awards, two BRIT awards and 5 Grammys. She has had eleven number one singles on Billboards top 100 and was named Digital Artist for the 2000’s by Billboard Music as well. She is the highest selling digital artist of all time with 47,571,000 sold singles as of early 2012. Forbes reported that she earned a little over $82 million between May 2010 and May 2012 and she continues to expand on her career. Rihanna in known for her thought provoking music videos, many of them with under-lying meanings. Much like Madonna she incorporates substance abuse, domestic violence or love triangles into her videos. She also turns obscure situations into glitz and glamorous situations. Many of her videos and outfits have caused controversy because of the explicit content. Her live shows are known for her hip shaking, sex appeal, attitude, sexy outfits and over the top performances sometimes being quite risque. She has said that â€Å"These performances are all an act, that’s not me. That’s a part I play. You know it’s like a piece of art with all these toys and textures to play with. † In her early days she was a typical teen pop star but she easily shifted her appearance dramatically and continues to change frequently. By the time she released her â€Å"Good Girl Gone Bad† album she had completely shook the teen pop star image everyone had gave her. By 2008 she was named best dressed by Peoples magazine and was on Maxims Hot 100 for five consecutive years (2007-2011). In 2009 Glamour named her Woman of the year and she ranked seventeenth out of fifty in Most Glamorous Women. She also was named sexiest women alive in 2011 by Esquire. Not only is she an extremely successful music artist, she has had her share in acting as well. In 2006 she mad a cameo appearance in the movie Bring it On: All or Nothing. In 2012 she was seen in the movie Battleship as GM2 officer Cora Raikes and had another cameo appearance in The Katy Perry Movie. In the next two years she will be seen in End of the World and Happy Smekday. The successful Barbadian superstar started out as a typical teen pop singer and has made a huge name for herself, not only singing but acting as well. Attempting to turn herself into the â€Å"Black Madonna† it seems she has met her goal although she continues to do more with her career. After seven years and six albums Rihanna has become one of the most popular music artists not only in the USA but worldwide. She is one of the most influential celebrities for upcoming music artists in the industry today.