Learning Systems And The Education System - 1228 Words

In the past, the learning system was non complex. Students invariably learned in classrooms. They would learn from and be educated by their teacher and grasped other facts from textbooks. The teachers would ask them questions and students would answer them to display they understood. Other information about other parts of the world, they learned from books. Throughout the years, the learning system changed. Issues or flaws in the system were addressed and improved. Different learning systems that were superior were invented for the purpose of improving the education of students. Every time the learning system surpasses the others, the students and world’s education exceeds. The quick changes and the increase of difficulties of the current world causes new challenges and needs of improvement in our education system. The American education system in the past and present has changed because of the issues and flaws found in it, because of those issues, the students do not have the knowledge they are required to have in college or a successful career.We are realizing we have to change the way our learning system functions to fit the way the world is now. To overcome the difficulties in our learning system, we have to look at the problems and how to improve it. Any strategies we use must deal with the multiple factors that affect the education system, the influence of its part, and the complicated interdependencies within it and its environment. The learning system in the presentShow MoreRelatedLearning Systems And The Education System1228 Words   |  5 Pagesthe past, the learning system was really simple. Students always learned in classrooms. They would learn from and be taught by their teacher and grasped other facts from textbooks. The teachers would ask them questions and students would answer them to show they understood. Other information about other parts of the world, they learned from books. Throughout the years, the learning system changed. Issues or flaws in the system were addressed and improved. Different learning systems that were betterRead MoreThe Education System And The Learning Process1608 Words   |  7 Pagescharacter in the education system and the learning process. Her revolutionary philosophy on learning and how it should be introduced works so well that it is still being used over a hundred years after she invented it in 1907. She was born in 1870 and went to an all boys technical school to be a n engineer. After that, Maria tried for the University of Rome to become a medical professional but was rejected. She later became a teacher, physician and innovator who discovered the use of learning by buildingRead MoreWhy Learning Is The Core Of The Education System1730 Words   |  7 PagesLearning is the core of the education system and one of the most important activities needed for a child’s development. Philosophers and psychologists such as B.F Skinner (1948) have†¯been working for many years†¯trying to understand how learning occurs and how teaching styles can have an effect on said learning. There are many different learning theories†¯which provide an†¯understanding†¯on how†¯students absorb, process and retain information†¯during learning. Due to the observational and experimentalRead MoreEducation As A System Of Empowering Learning And Securing Of Data1144 Words   |  5 PagesEducation is portrayed as a system of empowering le arning and securing of data. Education happens under the course of an educator. The English word philosophy begins from the Greek word philosophia - which implies way. African Philosophy is described as the way Africans think when in doubt, experiences and nearness. It is a thinking that respects African universe of view. Enlightening Philosophy uses speculative, insightful and consistent gadgets to clear up the suggestions and to consider theRead MoreLearning Inner Workings Of The United States Education System1102 Words   |  5 Pageshow the United States education system works, what drives a teacher, and what makes a teacher effective. This explication will focus on the three educational areas that have made the biggest impact on me this semester. A major factor I have taken away this semester is learning inner workings of the United States education system. I learned how it was a system that was not meant to benefit everyone. In its early states, only young white males received an education. This system was constantly revampedRead MoreTeaching And Learning Environments At The New Zealand Education System Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching and learning is a pivotal process that is constantly evolving. The previous notions of education being about an expert in the field teaching those who do not know, are being challenged with the belief that students should be prepared for jobs that do not yet exist, using technology that isn’t yet invented and solving problems that we have not yet faced. This new stance on learning has initiated the upheaval of the New Zealand education system with the reformatting of many schools into modernRead MoreCooperative Learning Should Be Considered The Natural Progression Of The America n Education System1611 Words   |  7 PagesCooperative learning should be considered the natural progression of the American education system. Traditional education techniques place students in a competitive atmosphere. Cooperative learning requires students to work together to achieve success. A democratic method for a democratic society. Cooperative learning does not allow for a single winner, instead through group efforts, each student’s strengths help the collective achieve success. This paper will address the history of cooperative learningRead MoreA Brief Note On Abolish Grading And The American Education System Values Grades And Test Scores More Than Students Value Learning847 Words   |  4 Pagesmuch as I can in this class.† So why should the system that educators believe works and have used for so long change? The American education system values grades and test scores more than students value learning. Teachers expect their students to work hard for good grades and achieve the highest possible test scores on standardized test. If all teachers are concerned about is the grades their students are getting and not whether or not they are learning the material being taught to them. They can’tRead MoreThe Rigidness of the Higher Educational System1032 Words   |  5 PagesIn todays society, the higher education system has been a very controversial topic for many years. There are many problems that people have with the higher education system in America. People have questioned its tactics and debated the pros and cons of the higher education system. One of the many problems that higher education presents is that learning is linear. Many educators do not go into further detail with their lesson. Most teachers and professors in colleges have a set plan, and this isRead MoreA Brief Note On Open And Distance Learning1729 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 Introduction Open and Distance Learning has become a force to be reckoned with and is contributing immensely to both social and economic development and has become an accepted as an indispensable part of the mainstream of educational system both in developing as well as in the developed countries with particular emphasis for the former. This growth has been the result of the interest that has been evinced both by the trainers as well as the educators in the use of new, Internet-based and multimedia

Article Critique Of The State University - 1505 Words

Quantitative Article Critique Jimi Bryen Southwestern Oklahoma State University Introduction to the Study The article I am critiquing is Peripheral IV Factors Affecting Complications and Patency-A Randomized Controlled Trial. The purpose of this study was a randomized controlled trial to see if there is a correlation of the effective length of time an intravenous catheter could be used based on a simple saline flush or a heparin flush with and with out splints. The length of time the IV catheter could be left in a patient has a direct correlation with the fluids as well as medications used and the effectiveness of a splint on the body of the individuals within the study. The study is important to create the perfect factors of keeping an IV catheter in the patient for the longest amount of time that is safely possible, which will correlate with a reduced number of actual times the patient has to have an IV catheter inserted which causes prolonged pain for the patient. The problem with this is although the length of time was increased when the heparin was used in- conjunction with a splint there was a higher incidence of injury for the patient, the intravenous infiltrates were going longer with out being noticed. This causing injury and damage to the patients. The researchers had a good theory. To find the longest possible allowed time to leave an IV catheter in the patient, to cause less pain, while trying to keep the infiltrates at a minimum causing the leastShow MoreRelatedStudy Drugs1267 Words   |  6 PagesStudents in America want to perform well during their school time, so they have a chance of getting a scholarship at best universities in the country. A lot of young Americans spend all their nights preparing for exams, because they can’t do it in the afternoon due to their sports and social life. Therefore many a night are spend studying hard for exams, so the teacher will not fail them and by that prevent them from getting their dream education. However, this tight and packed schedule causes theRead MoreArticle Critique On How Trust And Its Blocks Are Important Inside The Organizational938 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE 1 Article Critique Supriya Chigurupati Full Sail University ARTICLE CRITIQUE 2 Introduction Trust within an organization has proven to produce many benefits for the organization. Benetyte, D., Jatuliaviciene, G. state teams with trust possibly make it trouble-free to gain and apply the command to difficult tasks in all organizations and in order to build trust, it is necessary to gain knowledge on how to build trust. This sets the context for the more specific researchRead MoreGive People Shares Of Gdp1551 Words   |  7 PagesGive People Shares of GDP Summary The articles gives a compares a country to a corporation . In order to finance its operations, a corporation uses a combination of debt and equity. While countries rely only on Debt. The author therefore propose that countries should act like corporations and also issue shares to the public. The authors call this country shares Trills. The author ¬ strongly agree to the fact that if countries replace debt with earnings of their economies, it will help a long wayRead MoreArticle Critique Of Prison Privatization967 Words   |  4 Pages Article Critiques of Prison Privatization Tammy Martin Liberty University Abstract The following paper will examine two articles pertaining to prison privatization, and the reasons for advocacy for prison privatization, or for the opposition of prison privatization. Three authors write the first article examined the authors are Shaun Genter, Gregory Hooks, and Clayton Mosher. The article is entitled â€Å"Prisons, jobs and privatization: The impact of prisons on employment growth inRead MoreJournal of Teacher Education Critique Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pagesis to critique issue 64 volume 3 of 2011. This paper is organized so that description of information is presented about the authors, institutions and topics of each paper, then a synthesis of the teacher education articles, and finally implications for the field of teacher education. Description This journal issue included seven total articles; four were research articles, two were literature reviews and one was an editorial. A total of seventeen authors were represented in the articles. SixRead MoreNur518 R7 Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Nc Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Analyze and critique a quantitative nursing research article from a nursing research journal published within the past five years. Include 3 scholarly references—the article, the text, and one outside source. Use the Guidelines for Quantitative Nursing Research Critique to complete the following steps: 1. State the purpose of the study and identify the problem. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) often require enteralRead MoreEvaluation Of A Research Article From A Professional Journal Using A Critiquing Framework1480 Words   |  6 Pagesof this assignment is to critically review a research article extracted from a professional journal using a critiquing framework. The essay will attempt to analyse and evaluate the validity and rigour of the research study and will unitise the critiquing framework for quantitative research papers devised by (Steen and Roberts, 2011, p56-57), while also taking time to reflect upon the research study’s value and influence on practice. The article ‘Women’s perception of the term ‘obstetrician’ (KenyonRead MoreQuantitative Critique Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE 1 Quantitative Research Critique By Elisabeth Bryant A Paper Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for NU 533 Advanced Nursing Research University of South Alabama College of Nursing Spring 2011 QUANTITATIVE CRITIQUE 2 Quantitative Research Critique This is a critique of the quantitative research article titled Influence of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes on Gluconeogenesis and Glucose Output in Humans studied by Amelia GastaldelliRead MoreCritique Steps (Understanding Quantitative Research)1258 Words   |  6 PagesOUTLINE OF BASIC CRITIQUE STEPS (understanding quantitative research): Brink and Wood (1994), and Burnes and Groves (1997), similarly describe the steps for quantitative nursing research process and methods. The authors include not only the basic steps to conduct nursing studies, but also translating the studies into articles for publication. According to Burnes Groves (1997), and Hamric and Spross (1992), the quantitative research method is used to describe or gain more information, test relationshipsRead MoreCultural Intelligence1554 Words   |  7 Pagesin effective leadership by developing his overall perspective and repertoire (Ang, 2004). Ward, Fischer, Zaid Lam, Hall article Ward and his colleagues argued that CQ offered a theoretical encroachment in the study of transition of cross culture and adaptation and a range of applications are lent and including assignments related to overseas and training. These critiques have the suggestion not only on the CQ scores validity but also for the evaluation of the CQ research contribution to the

Effects of Slavery on America Free Essays

Effects of Slavery on American History Andrew Avila US History 1301 Dr. Raley April 18, 2013 The U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Slavery on America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Constitution is primarily based on compromise between larger and smaller states, and more importantly, between northern and southern states. One major issue of the northern and southern states throughout American history is the topic of slavery. Although agreements such as the Three-Fifths Compromise in 1787, and the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 were adapted to reduce and outlaw slavery, it took many years for slavery to be completely abolished and allow blacks the freedom they had been longing for. The Three-Fifths Compromise was a agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 in Philadelphia in which three-fifths of states’ slaves would be counted as representation regarding distribution of taxes and apportionment of members to the House of Representatives[1]. This meant that slave owners would be taxed on the number of slaves they owned as well as states receiving representation for the allotted 3/5, or â€Å"Federal ratio,† of slaves owned. During the Continental Congress of 1783, a committee was appointed to decide upon a method to be integrated in the Articles of Confederation to prevent states from ignoring their fair share of the tax burden. The proposed fix was to tax based on population rather than property value. Delegates who opposed slavery only wanted to count all free inhabitants of each state, while supporters of slavery wanted to count all slaves for representation purposes only and not for taxation. Being that southern states were heavily populated with slaves, naturally, northern states feared that the south would gain a political upper-hand and become extremely powerful[2]. Seeing such opposition from northern and southern states, representatives James Wilson and Roger Sherman came up with a plan that stemmed from the one proposed at the Continental Congress. The Three-Fifths Compromise, which was designed to meet the demands of both sides, gave the south their much anticipated representation, while easing the fears of the north of being politically overpowered by the south[3]. After the Virginia Plan was rejected, the Three-Fifths Compromise seemed to guarantee more political power to the south. As a result, southern states dominated the Presidency and Speakership of the House. While the south gained more representation because of the higher ownership of slaves, the north gained very little. However, the longterm results of the Three-Fifths Compromise did not work well to the southern states’ advantage[4]. The increased importation of slaves to the south upset the north leading to the Missouri Compromise. The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the 36o 30’. By 1820, the northern states began to grow faster than southern states resulting in the fall from southern representation in the House of Representatives. The Three-Fifths Compromise paved the way for the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 which outlaws slavery. However, the Thirteenth Amendment was meant to guarantee slavery. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln issued an Emancipation Proclamation declaring that any people held as slaves would be free[5]. Many people questioned the validity of the Proclamation as well as President Lincoln’s power. Because President Lincoln failed to mention that slaves in the loyalist states would be free in the Proclamation, many doubted the effect would last beyond restoration of the states[6]. Although the Emancipation Proclamation declared that slaves would be free, it did not actually free any slaves in border states nor did it abolish slavery. President Lincoln and other supporters decided it was necessary to include an amendment to the Constitution abolishing slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment was the first amendment proposed in 60 years. The Thirteenth Amendment was the only slavery-related bill to oppose and abolish slavery while other bills protected slavery[7]. Eventually, the bill was taken to the Senate and passed on April 8, 1864. Although the bill was passed as an effort to keep the country united, it was stopped from being ratified as the south began to secede and the Union dissolved. This prevented the bill from becoming an actual law. President Lincoln took active measures to get the proposed bill on the Republican Party platform for the 1864 presidential election. After several months of debate, the bill finally reached the two-thirds vote on January 31, 1865, although the signed amendment’s archival copy states the bill was passed February 1, 1865[8]. After the approval of the Thirteenth Amendment, Congress passed four statutes known as the Reconstruction Acts. The Reconstruction Congress was required to pass two laws that implemented the Thirteenth Amendment[9]. The first was the Civil Rights Act declaring that freed slaves were allowed to enjoy the same rights as white people. This law made it a crime on the federal level to deprived freed slaves of these rights. The second was the Anti-Peonage Act of 1867 which made the holding of any person as a slave unlawful[10]. The Thirteenth Amendment completed the abolition of slavery in the United States. The process to abolish slavery began with President Lincoln’s issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. Although the Thirteenth Amendment outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, officials had to selectively enforce laws such as vagrancy forcing blacks to be subject to involuntary servitude. The southern states’ attitudes towards abolition made it nearly impossible for blacks to shake being ex-slaves. After the abolition of slavery, life for Black Americans got even more difficult before it could get better. Public beatings and lynchings became and everyday occurrence through â€Å"white supremacy groups† such as the Ku Klux Klan. Segregation between whites and blacks had become widespread at the time as well. Many blacks found it difficult to survive off the poor wages they received and terrible living situations. Slavery was not legal or illegal until each individual state made it so. Up until that point, slavery was an accepted common law practice. However, after slavery was declared illegal in individual states and had been outlawed, many slave owners, and slaves alike, needed to adjust to the newly acquired changes. Needless to say, this was a change that would take many years to adapt to. To this day, these movements are still discussed as the judicial system . Many people still do not support the abolition of slavery. The United States Constitution states that slavery and involuntary servitude are illegal unless ordered by the court. However, this does not mean that any individual may own a slave. This simply means that if a person is convicted of a crime, said person may be ordered to prison or community service. This however does not mean that there are absolutely no cases of slavery in America today. Although in slightly different form, slavery still exists today despite the trial and error endured by the American government to abolish slavery in its entirety. Slavery today is known as human trafficking. Not only does human trafficking include involuntary servitude and forced labor, but various other acts that are to be carried out by those who are being held as slaves. Human trafficking is one of the biggest crimes committed today. Throughout history many measures have been taken to prohibit and outlaw slavery. However, documents such as the Three-Fifths Compromise and the Thirteenth Amendment were two of the major stepping stones in the direction of abolishing slavery. The issue of slavery has been around since the beginning of the United States and has undergone many changes over time. With agreements such as the Three-Fifths Compromise and the Thirteenth Amendment, slavery was able to be decreased and eventually abolished. Bibliography Peter Robinson. Uncommon Knowledge: A Slave to the System? Thomas Jefferson and Slavery. Hoover Institution, 2009. Garry Wills. â€Å"Negro President†: Jefferson and the Slave Power. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, 2003. Herman Belz. Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era. New York, 1978. Michael Vorenberg. Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Report of the Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice. The House Joint Resolution proposing the 13th amendment to the Constitution, January 31, 1865; Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress, 1789-1999; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives Harp Weekly. Ratification and Results. 2008. Oman Nathan. Specific Performance and the Thirteenth Amendment. Minnesota Law Review, Forthcoming. 2008. Unknown Author. â€Å"The Slavery Compromises†. University of Louisiana-Lafayette Computing Support Services. Unknown Date. Gilder Lehrman Institute. The Three-Fifths Compromise. Digital History. 2013. ———————- [1] Gilder Lehrman Institute. The Three-Fifths Compromise. Digital History. 2013. [2] Peter Robinson. Uncommon Knowledge: A Slave to the System? Thomas Jefferson and Slavery. Hoover Institution, 2009. [3] Unknown Author. â€Å"The Slavery Compromises†. University of Louisiana-Lafayette Computing Support Services. Unknown Date [4] Peter Rob inson. Uncommon Knowledge: A Slave to the System? Thomas Jefferson and Slavery. Hoover Institution, 2009. [5] Herman Belz. Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era. New York, 1978. 6] Michael Vorenberg. Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment. Cambridge University Press, 2001. [7] 3Herman Belz. Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era. New York, 1978. [8] 3Herman Belz. Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era. New York, 1978. [9] Oman Nathan. Specific Performance and the Thirteenth Amendment. Minnesota Law Review, Forthcoming. 2008. [10] Oman Nathan. Specific Performance and the Thirteenth Amendment. Minnesota Law Review, Forthcoming. 2008. How to cite Effects of Slavery on America, Papers

Airport Operational Management - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: Discuss how airport charges can affect the airport-airline relationship. Explain why airport security is one of the key concerns for airport management. Compare and contrast an airports measurement of service and quality of service and discuss some of the ways that they can be managed. Identify some of the sources of non-aeronautical revenue for airports and discuss why it is so important. Answer: 1. Impact of airport charges on the airport-airline relationship Airport charges are paid for using the airport facilities like freight charges, aircraft landings and airport infrastructure (Starkie, 2012). On the other hand, an airport is considered as a business entity, service provider and an operator that provide infrastructures and facility to different airplane companies (Bush Starkie, 2014). Hihara (2012) moreover portrays that airlines can be considered as partners, team players and allies of airports. It is evident that each airport operator involves airlines for the development of air transportation and airport. Moreover, Starkie (2012) stated that the airport authorities signed an agreement with the airport to establish a contractual relationship. Security charges are also incorporated in airline charges and thus, the greater is the amount of the airline ticket, better security services is obtained by customer. Bush and Starkie (2014) thus depicts that airport authorities need financial resource for maintaining their services and a por tion of this revenue is earned from the airline charges that is paid by the airline customers. The airline charges affects the airport-airline relationship directly as greater the amount paid by the airline services to the airport, the more privilege they are getting from the airport and their operators (Yang et al., 2015). Taken for instance, an airport that has a capacity of airbus of 558 people desire to accommodate an airbus of 770 people, the runway needs some infrastructural changes that on the other need financial resources. In such case, the cost of the airport charges gets increases which can be observes through rise in price of air tickets. 2. Importance of airport security for airport management Airport management emphasizes on crucial functionalities of airport facilities like- purchase of tickets, transfer of baggage and safe travelling of passengers (Graham, 2013). The major purpose of airport management is to safeguard the passengers and to run the airport system efficiently. Hihara (2012) furthermore stated that airport management also refers to the maintenance of passengers security, airport central management for providing services of billing calculations and management of departure sequences, airport resources management and others. Starkie (2012) depicts that apart from all these operations, airport security is the crucial element of airport management based on which customer can rely on the airline services. Airport authorities evaluate all the suspicious activities, airplane parts and functionality checks and also take effective steps to overcome unlawful interference. Kirschenbaum (2013) furthermore highlight that in order to accomplish all the process of airport safely, airport enforcement authority are hired. These people are liable for maintaining security of the airport services and protect the passengers from any attacks. Thus, it can be said that greater the security, more satisfied will be the customer and better brand reputation can be attained by the airport. Hihara (2012) furthermore portrays that effective airport security plan make it harder for an impulsive attack to succeed. The security is also related to the popper functionality of airplane that is handled through business intelligence and other computer services. All the data and information are easily manipulated from these devices all the security system are interrelated. Thus, airport member sitting from airport control room can easily assess the scenario within the airplane. Yang et al. (2015) stated that this approach is undertaken so that immediate action can be taken if any adversity occurs during the travel. This effective interrelation in airport security denotes t he efficient airport management and serves as a key factor for attracting more customers. 3. Airports measurement of service versus quality of service There are three five dimensions of quality through which the management of the airport can be analyzed. These fie dimensions of quality are- tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy (Bogicevic et al., 2013). Aydin and Yildirim (2012) stated that tangibility refers to the physical environment of the airport; while, reliability refers to the performance of the services promptly and accurately to the passengers. Moreover, the third dimension of the quality that is responsiveness resembles to the airplane crew members will to help the passengers. Additionally, assurance emphasizes on promising attitude of the airport members that inspire passengers; whereas, empathy denotes to the provision of attention to each individual. Bogicevic et al., (2013) moreover argued the measurement of services is also measured through some indicators like- practical hourly capacity, gate departure delay, taxi departure delay, security clearing time, baggage delivery time, check-in to gate time, border control clearing time and finally customer satisfaction. On the other hand, the airport service quality depends on three aspects- service scape, service personnel and services (Aydin Yildirim, 2012). According to (Bogicevic et al., 2013), service personnel should maintain attitude, behavior and expertise in the airport operations effectively. However, in real time, passengers face difficulty due to faulty machines, delay in services and misconduct of some activities. In the case of airports measurement of service and quality of service, it can be said that in former case the rate of final result is observed like how many customer gets satisfied with the service but in later case the strategies through which customer satisfaction can be attained is valued. Ways to manage airports measurement of service In order to manage the airports measurement of service, the services of aircraft landing, parking, equipment use,and ground handling services should be improved. Bogicevic et al., (2013) stated that regular feedback from passengers regarding the airline services at the destination should also be implemented so that accurate aspects can be identified based on which further improvement can be incorporated. Graham (2013) moreover depicts that implementing technology for fast and accurate delivery of the service should also be adopted for enhancing the service quality of the airport. 4. Sources of non-aeronautical revenue for airports and importance of these revenue In order to determine the financial viability of an airport, assessment of non-aeronautical revenue has done. There are mainly five sources of non-aeronautical revenue- concessions, parking and airport access, rental car operations, land rent and advertising (Choo, 2014). The concessions are the amount that the shops like gift shops, restaurants and newsstands within the airport provide to the airport management. Postorino and Pratico (2012) moreover, stated that from parking and airport access, revenue is collected for utilizing the airports parking area by travelers. In rental car operations, the revue is collected from cars that are rented by the customers and the shopkeeper inside the airport. Choo (2014) furthermore depicts that land rent is the rent that is given to customers for golf courses, office buildings, hotels, farming or other uses; whereas, advertising revenue are collected for the purpose of advertisements placed on airport walls, billboards and buses. It is also fou nd that 55.2% of the revenues are collected from aeronautical revenue; whereas, 44.8% of the revue are from non-aeronautical revenue (Choo, 2014). Image 1: Aeronautical vs. Non-Aeronautical Revenue for U.S. Airport (Source: Choo, 2014) The importance of non-aeronautical revenue is that it helps in optimizing revenue per visitors for their airline tickets. It also provides the passengers all the necessary things from the airport (Postorino Pratico, 2012). Reference Aydin, K., Yildirim, S. (2012). The measurement of service quality with servqual for different domestic airline firms in Turkey. Serbian Journal of Management, 7(2), 219-230. Bogicevic, V., Yang, W., Bilgihan, A., Bujisic, M. (2013). Airport service quality drivers of passenger satisfaction. Tourism Review, 68(4), 3-18. Bush, H., Starkie, D. (2014). Competitive drivers towards improved airport/airline relationships. Journal of Air Transport Management, 41, 45-49. Choo, Y. Y. (2014). Factors affecting aeronautical charges at major US airports. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 62, 54-62. Graham, A. (2013). Managing Airports 4th edition: An international perspective. Routledge. Hihara, K. (2012). An analysis of an airportairline relationship under a risk sharing contract. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 48(5), 978-992. Kirschenbaum, A. A. (2013). The cost of airport security: The passenger dilemma. Journal of Air Transport Management, 30, 39-45. Postorino, M. N., Pratic, F. G. (2012). An application of the Multi-Criteria Decision?Making analysis to a regional multi-airport system. Research in Transportation Business Management, 4, 44-52. Starkie, D. (2012). European airports and airlines: Evolving relationships and the regulatory implications. Journal of Air Transport Management, 21, 40-49. Yang, H., Zhang, A., Fu, X. (2015). Determinants of airportairline vertical arrangements: analytical results and empirical evidence. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy (JTEP), 49(3), 438-453.